You are caring for Liam. He is a 35-year-old man who is diabetic.

. He was in the hospital for pneumonia but then acquired a MRSA infection in an open sore on his toe. The sore will not heal. He has had to undergo painful treatments to get rid of the dead tissue in the sore. He has now been in the hospital for 12 days. He is in pain and angry. Liam tells staff that it is their fault he has this MRSA infection. a) What precautions would you need to take when caring for Liam? b) What PPE would you need to use? c) How could he have gotten the MRSA infection? d) Is it the staff's fault he acquired this infection? Why or why not? e) What makes him more susceptible than others to acquiring a MRSA infection? f) What are the consequerdhes to Liam of the MRSA infection? 2. You work with your friend Juanita at a local nursing home. She has never been vaccinated because her parents did not believe in vaccination. She asks you if you are vaccinated against hepatitis B and then goes on to explain that the facility wants her to get the vaccine. She is undecided about receiving the vaccine and asks your advice. a) Would you encourage Juanita to get this vaccine? If so, why? If not, why not? b) What specifically would you tell her about the vaccine?

3). Dylan has been in the hospital for 4 days and is on contact isolation due to a MRSA infection. He is sad that he hasn't been able to see his friends or play football. He feels bad that whenever his parents are there to stay with him, they must wear special masks. He cannot see if they are smiling or not. He is scared because he is not sure when he will be able to leave and if he will be okay. When you come in to help him get ready for bed, you notice that Dylan is distant, will not make eye contact, and only gives one-word answers to your questions. a) What is Dylan feeling? Is this normal? b) How can you, as his nursing assistant, make him feel better? c) Can you tell his parents to take off their masks when they are visiting?

4). A nursing assistant has not been vaccinated for influenza. She works on the oncology unit of the local hospital. One day, she cares for a woman with breast cancer who has four young children. When the nursing assistant gets home from work that day, she does not feel well. That night, she has a 103 fever and severe body aches. When she goes to the doctor, she finds out that she has influenza and is given an antiviral drug. Within several days the nursing assistant feels well enough to return to work. Upon her return, she learns that the mother with breast cancer has died from influenza. a) Did the nursing assistant transmit this illness to the mother? b) How would she know for sure? c) Is it the responsibility of the nursing assistant to be vaccinated? d) How do you think this nursing assistant feels? e) Is there an ethical and moral component associated with healthcare workers agreeing to vaccination?

5)Rearrange these action items in the order they should be in. (example 1,2, 3 and 4.) Handwashing 1) Turn on the faucet with a clean paper towel and discard into wastebasket. 2) Check the temperature of the water. 3) Remove any rings and push your watch up your arm about 2 inches. 4) Apply a quarter-sized amount of soap to the palm of one hand. 5) Vigorously lather all surfaces of the hands and wrists, between fingers, and under nails for at least 20 seconds. 6) Wet both hands with fingertips pointing downward. 7) Turn off the faucet with a clean paper towel and discard into wastebasket. 8) Rinse soap off, starting at the wrists and keeping the fingertips pointed downward. 9) Dry hands thoroughly with a clean paper towel and discard into wastebasket.

MENI X as instructure.com/courses/2448646/assignments/19090489 ORISE Suap On Starting at me wrists and keepmg the Tigerups pomie downwaru. 9) Dry hands thoroughly with a clean paper towel and discard into wastebasket. 6)Rearrange these action items in the order they should be in. (example 1,2, 3 and 4.) 1) Hold the removed glove in your gloved dominant hand. 2) Pull and peel the glove away from the hand. The glove should now be inside out with the contaminated side contained. 3) Perform hand hygiene. 4) Slide one or two fingers of your ungloved hand under the wrist area of the remaining glove. 5) With your dominant hand, grab the glove at the palm/wrist area of your non dominant hand. 6) Peel this glove off from the inside, creating a bag of both gloves. 7) Discard the bagged gloves into the wastebasket. 7) Name the six links in the chain of infection and give an example of how to break each link. 8). Explain how a resident may acquire a Clostridium difficile infection. What are the potential complications of C. Diff?"

1. Taking care of Liam with MRSA Infection

 List of Measures to be Taken when Caring for Liam

 

 Contact Precautions: As MRSA is an infectious bacteria, patient care attendants should isolate Liam by maintaining a physical barrier, they should also ensure that Liam has its own stethoscopes and any other piece of equipment that could come into contact with him.

 Hand Hygiene: Wash hand with Pumice and water before and after coming in contact with Liam regardless of the use of gloves.

 Isolation Measures: Devise the restricted mobility and transport of Liam to places that are very relevant and should avoid sending him out of his room without a mask in addition to a gown over his cloth.

 b) PPE Needed

 

 Gloves: Take the following precaution measures Put on gloves while handling the patient or touching objects that may have got in contact with the infected body.

 Gown: Wear a gown when a risk exists of having body contact with the patient, the patient’s excreta or contaminated articles.

 Mask and Eye Protection: Where there is likelihood of splashes or sprays of infective agent.

 c) Ways In Which Liam Could Have Contracted the MRSA Infection

 

 Transmission: MRSA is usually acquire from contact with infected hands, fomites or contaminated surfaces or medical devices.

 Hospital Environment: He might have got the infection from the contaminated objects/ excreta or from the healthcare personnel which has not been adhering to the infectious control measures.

 d) Could It Be That The Staff Brought This Infection In He?

 

 Not Necessarily: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most prevalent hospital-born pathogens particularly in patients with dermal defects or those with compromised immune systems. If the staff complied with generally acceptable infection control measures, one could hardly say that the infection could be their own making. Presumably, if there were failures in hygiene or infection control the level of shared responsibility may be high.

 f) With regards to the reasons why I think Liam is more vulnerable to contracting MRSA //= Mental mapping of the text to be included into the final work =//ainen Liam is a health-conscious individual and seldom misses his meals:

 

 Diabetes: Yearly, 7. 7 million diabetics die, and because of their condition, diabetics have a weak immune system that is vulnerable to infections.

 Open Sore: An open sore on the toe is another thing; the bacteria such as MRSA can gain access to his toe due to this.

 The other observed consequence of the MRSA infection for Liam is

 

 Delayed Healing: It can hinder the healing of the sore on his toe taking a longer time as a result of the infection.

 Potential for Serious Complications: It is also worth adding that left without intervention, MRSA can migrate to other tissues and organs; thereby causing such invasive forms of infection as sepsis.

 Extended Hospital Stay: Such infection can cause the lengthening of Liam’s stay in the hospital, and his time to healing will also be long.

 2. Input on the Vaccine for Juanita of Hepatitis B

 John Rodriguez Would You Encourage Juanita to Get the Vaccine

 

 Yes: The Hepatitis B vaccine is recommended for all care givers because it helps avoid a severe liver disease. Based on the medical research and theory, the vaccine is safe, effective and it can protect Juanita from getting Hepatitis B or transmit the disease in a healthcare setting.

 b) Details of the Hepatitis B Vaccination

 

 Effectiveness: This vaccine has a rate of efficacy of 95% in relation to prevention of Hepatitis B.

 Safety: However, it hardly has any risk of side effects which if present can be mild such as pain at the point of injection or mild fever.

 Protection: It also shields Juanita from a severe disease as well as her patients, counterparts and relatives.

 3. The Story of Dylan and MRSA Infection as well as Isolation

 a) Dylan’s Feeling Is This Normal?

 

 Feelings: Dylan is probably lonely, afraid and might be sad given the fact that he is unable to see his friends, and cannot see his parents’ expressions among other symptoms of depression.

 Normalcy: Yes, of course, such feelings are absolutely normal for a man standing in his shoes especially if the man is a child suffering from isolation and illness.

 b) Ways of cheering up Dylan

 

 Communication: If you are a friend or family member who wants to help: speak to Dylan about his hobbies, and offer reassurance.

 Activities: Try to present games, books or something else that can take his mind of the anxiety.

 Reassurance: Comfort him that he is not alone, his parents are present and still he is seeing them wearing a mask.

 c) Can Parents Strip Their Faces Off?

 

 No: This is because, the masks are required in order to help avoid the spreading of MRSA. As for this deficit, the only thing is that you can persuade parents to use more of speaking and gestural response to make Dylan feel as if he is not separated from them.

 4. Transmission of Influenza in Healthcare and Vaccination

 a) Was the illness transmitted by the Nursing Assistant?

 

 Possibly: It is believed that if she was already infected with influenza, she could have transmitted the infection to the mother.

 c) How Would She Make Sure?

 

 Testing: A viral culture or PCR test on both the nursing assistant and the patient would reveal if the obtained strain of influenza was the same.

 c) Responsibility for Vaccination

 

 Yes: The nursing assistant is expected to get vaccinated because it wishes and safety of the nursing assistant herself and her patients that she comes across, especially when taking care of the immunocompromised or other Patients who would otherwise be vulnerable to such diseases as influenza.

 d) Possible Feelings of the Nursing Assistant

 

 Guilt and Remorse: This may be so especially where she feels that she in some way caused the death of the patient by failing to attend to certain important signs.

 Ethical and Moral aspects of vaccination and immunization e

 

 Yes: Healthcare workers have their moral duty on not harming their patients, and the best way to achieve this is by getting vaccinated.

 5. Travel through contaminated waters and touch contaminated objects: Handwashing and Glove Removal

 The sequence of proper washing of the hands

 

 Take of any ring you might be wearing and then drag your watch above your wrist about 2 inches.

 Open the tap and rinse with a piece of clean paper and let this drop into the dustbin.

 Look at the water temperature.

 In this state wet both the hands while the fingers are bent downward with the fingertips touching the palm.

 Rub a quarter in the palm of one hand and spread the soap on it.

 Rub the palm and forearm in a circular manner interlinking the fingers between and under the nail area for a period of least 20 seconds.

 Wash off the soap starting at the wrists, and while doing this, the fingertips should be facing the downwards position.

 This way you will ensure that your hands are thoroughly free of water which you will dry using a clean paper towel that you will throw into the wastebasket.

 Thai off the faucet with a clean paper towel and then dispose of towel in the wastebasket.

 Glove Removal Steps Taken in Reverse order

 

 With you dominant hand, open the glove and place the palm of your non-dentant hand inside the glove and grasp the open part of the glove at the palm/wrist area of your non-dominant hand.

 Peel the glove from the hand in the opposite direction you pulled it to. The glove should now be turned inside out and the side that has been in contact with the body fluids should be pocketed.

 Toward the end of the operation, have your gloved dominant hand holding the removed glove.

 Place one or two fingers of your hand if it is unwrapped under the wrist of the another glove.

 Pull this glove off from the inside thus making a pouch of both gloves.

 Throw the bagged gloves into a wastebasket.

 Perform hand hygiene.

 6. The Chain of Infection and C. Difficile Infection

 There are six links in the chain of transmission of pathogens and ways of interrupting each link:

 

 Infectious Agent: Pathogen – Sterilization and Antimicrobial Treatments –

 Reservoir: Where some lives – develop sound practices in measures of sanitation.

 Portal of Exit: How the pathogen out of the reservoir – They can use isolation methods in acres and patients should cover open wounds.

 Mode of Transmission: How the pathogen spreads-This involves wearing the personal protective clothing and equipment and washing the hands.

 Portal of Entry: How the pathogen gets to the new host – keep entry points to the host surface area separated by barriers and wounded tissues.

 Susceptible Host: A person at risk of infection – Vaccinate and feed the body right.

 How a Resident May Acquire C. difficile Infection and Potential ComplicationsAcquisition: C. difficile is community associated and is acquired through contact with contaminated surfaces or inadequate hand washing after the use of antibiotics, which affect the balance of the bowel.

 Potential Complications: C. difficile infection can result in severe diarrhea, fluid and electrolyte imbalance that results in severe diarrhea, colitis, sepsis and death if intervention is not sought or if an appropriate intervention is not administered.